how to draw a 3d rod

To create a 3D model in SketchUp, you're constantly switching amongst the cartoon tools, views, components, and organizational tools. In this article, you notice several examples that illustrate ways you lot can use these tools together to model a specific shape or object.

The examples illustrate a few of the unlike applications for creating 3D models in SketchUp: woodworking, modeling parts or abstruse objects, and creating buildings. The examples are loosely ordered from the elementary to the complex.

Tabular array of Contents

1. Drawing a chair
2. Cartoon a bowl, dome, or sphere
3. Creating a cone
4. Creating a pyramidal hipped roof
5. Modeling a building from a footprint
6. Creating a polyhedron

Drawing a chair

In the following video, you see three means to describe a 3D model of a chair. In the first two examples, you run into two methods for creating the same chair:

• Subtractive: Extrude a rectangle to the height of the chair. Then use the Push/Pull tool () to cut away the chair shape.
• Additive: Start by modeling the chair seat. And then extrude the back and the legs with the Push/Pull tool.

In the third example, you see how to create a more than detailed and complex model, using components to simplify modeling the chair legs and rungs on the back of the chair.

Tip: You can use the tips and techniques demonstrated in these chair examples to create all sorts of other circuitous 3D models.

Drawing a bowl, dome, or sphere

In this example, y'all look at one way to draw a bowl and how to apply the technique for creating a bowl to a dome or sphere.

In a nutshell, to create basin, you draw a circle on the ground plane and a contour of the bowl's shape straight to a higher place the circle. So you use the Follow Me tool to turn the outline into a basin past having it follow the original circle on the ground plane.

Here'due south how the process works, footstep-by-step:

1. With the Circle tool (), depict a circle on the ground plane. These steps are easier if y'all get-go from the drawing axes origin betoken. The size of this circle doesn't thing.
2. Hover the mouse cursor over the origin then that the cursor snaps to the origin so move the cursor up the blue centrality.
3. Starting from the blueish centrality, draw a circumvolve perpendicular to the circumvolve on the footing plane (that is, locked to the red or light-green centrality). To encourage the inference, orbit so that the green or red axis runs approximately left to right forth the screen. If the Circumvolve tool doesn't stay in the green or red inference direction, printing and hold the Shift primal to lock the inference. The radius of this 2nd circumvolve represents the outside radius of your bowl.
4. With the Offset tool (), create an offset of this 2d circumvolve. The commencement distance represents the basin thickness. Check out the following figure to see how your model looks at this betoken.
   
5. With the Line tool (), describe two lines: 1 that divides the outer circle in half and ane that divides the inner circle that you created with the Offset tool.
6. With the Eraser tool (), erase the top half of the second circle and the confront that represents the inside of the bowl. When you're done, you have a contour of the bowl.
7. With the Select tool (), select the edge of the circumvolve on the ground plane. This is the path the Follow Me tool volition apply to consummate the bowl.
8. With the Follow Me tool (), click the profile of the bowl. Your bowl is complete and you tin can delete the circumvolve on the basis plane. The following figure shows the bowl profile on the left and the bowl on the right.

Notation: Why do you take to draw two lines to divide the offset circles? When you describe a circle using the Circle tool (or a curve using the Arc tool, or a curved line using the Freehand tool), you are really drawing a circle (or arc or curve) entity, which is made of multiple-segments that act like a single whole. To delete a portion of a circle, arc, or curve entity segment, you lot need to suspension the continuity. The outset line y'all draw creates endpoints that break the segments in the outer circle, just not the inner circle. Drawing the second line across the inner circumvolve breaks the inner circle into two continuous lines.

Yous tin employ these aforementioned steps to create a dome past just drawing your contour upside downwards. To create a sphere, y'all don't need to modify the second circumvolve to create a profile at all. Check out the post-obit video run into how to create a sphere.

Creating a cone

In SketchUp, you can create a cone by resizing a cylinder face or by extruding a triangle along a circular path with the Follow Me tool.

To create a cone from a cylinder, follow these steps:

1. With the Circumvolve tool, draw a circle.
2. Use the Push/Pull tool to extrude the circle into a cylinder.
3. Select the Move tool ().
4. Click a cardinal indicate on the pinnacle edge of the cylinder, as shown on the left in the effigy. A primal signal is aligned with the carmine or green axis and acts every bit a resize handle. To notice a primal point, hover the Motility tool cursor around the edge of the top cylinder; when the circumvolve border highlighting disappears, this indicates a key point.
5. Move the border to its centre until information technology shrinks into the indicate of a cone.
6. Click at the center to consummate the cone, as shown on the left in the effigy.

Hither are the steps to model a cone by extruding a triangle along a circular path:

1. Draw a circle on the ground aeroplane. You'll find information technology's easier to align your triangle with the circle's center if yous start drawing the circle from the axes origin.
2. With the Line tool (), draw a triangle that's perpendicular to the circumvolve. (Run into the left image in the post-obit figure.
3. With the Select tool (), select the face up of the circle.
4. Select the Follow Me tool () and click the triangle face up, which creates a cone nigh instantaneously (as long as your calculator has the sufficient retentiveness). You tin see the cone on the right in the post-obit figure.

Creating a pyramidal hipped roof

In SketchUp, yous can easily draw a hipped roof, which is just a simple pyramid. For this example, you come across how to add the roof to a unproblematic one-room business firm, too.

To draw a pyramid (pull up a pyramidal hipped roof):

1. With the Rectangle tool (), draw a rectangle large plenty to encompass your edifice. To create a truthful pyramid, create a square instead of a rectangle. The SketchUp inference engine tells y'all when you're rectangle is a foursquare or a golden section.
2. With the Line tool (), draw a diagonal line from one corner to its opposite corner.
3. Describe another diagonal line from ane corner to some other. In the effigy, you see how the lines create an X. The example shows the faces in X-Ray view and then you can see how the rectangle covers the floor program.
   
4. Select the Move tool () and hover over the center point until a light-green inference point is displayed.
5. Click the middle point.
6. Movement the cursor in the blue direction (upwards) to pull upward the roof or pyramid, as shown in the effigy. If yous need to lock the move in the blue direction, press the Upwardly Arrow key as you motion the cursor.
7. When your roof or pyramid is at the desired summit, click to finish the move.

Tip: When you're creating a model of house or multistory building, organize the walls and roof or each floor of your building into split up groups. That mode, y'all can edit them separately, or hibernate your roof in order to peer into the interior floor programme. Come across Organizing a Model for details about groups.

In SketchUp, the easiest way to start a 3D building model is with its footprint. Afterwards you have a footprint, you tin subdivide the footprint and extrude each department to the correct elevation.

Hither are a few tips for finding a edifice's footprint:

• If y'all're modeling an existing building, trace the outline of the building with the drawing tools. Unless the building is obscured by trees, you can find an aeriform photo on Google Maps and trace a snapshot. From within SketchUp, y'all tin capture images from Google and load them directly into a model, as shown in the following figure.
• If you don't have an aerial photo of the existing edifice y'all want to model, you may need to try the sometime fashioned route: measuring the exterior to create the footprint and drawing the footprint from scratch. If literally taking measurements of an entire building is impractical, you can employ tricks such as using the measurement of a single brick to guess overall dimensions or taking a photo with an object or person whose length you practice know. See Measuring Angles and Distances to Model Precisely for more details.

If you lot're able to commencement with a snapshot of your footprint, the following steps guide you through the process of tracing that footprint. First, gear up your view of the snapshot:

1. Select Camera > Standard Views > Pinnacle from the menu bar.
2. Select Camera > Zoom Extents to make sure you can meet everything in your file.
3. Employ the Pan and Zoom tools to frame a adept view of top of the building that you lot want to model. You need to be able to meet the building conspicuously in order to trace its footprint. See Viewing a Model for details about using these tools.
4. Choose View > Confront Fashion > 10-Ray from the menu bar. In X-Ray view, you can meet the height view of the building through the faces that you draw to create the footprint.

After you lot set upward your snapshot, try the techniques in the following steps to trace the building footprint:

1. Set up the cartoon axes to a corner of your building. See Adjusting the Cartoon Axes for details.
2. With the Rectangle tool (), draw a rectangle that defines part of your building. Click a corner and then click an contrary corner to draw the rectangle. If your building outline includes non–90-degree corners, curves or other shapes that you can't trace with the Rectangle tool, use whichever other cartoon tools you need to trace your building'southward footprint.
3. Proceed drawing rectangles (or lines and arcs) until the entire edifice footprint is defined by overlapping or adjacent rectangles, every bit shown on the left in the following figure. Make sure there aren't whatever gaps or holes; if there are, fill them in with more rectangles.
4. With the Eraser tool (), delete all the edges in the interior of the building footprint. When you're done, you should take a unmarried face up defined by a perimeter of straight edges. You may want to turn off X-Ray view, equally shown on the right in the post-obit figure, in order to see your faces and final footprint clearly.
   
5. Some uncomplicated buildings accept a single outside wall height, but about have more than one. Later you consummate the footprint, employ the Line tool to subdivide your edifice footprint into multiple faces, each corresponding to a different exterior wall height, as shown in the post-obit figure. Then, you can apply the Push/Pull tool () to extrude each area to the correct building height.

Creating a polyhedron

In this example, yous see how to create a polyhedron, which repeats faces aligned around an axis.

To illustrate how you lot can create a complex shape with basic repeating elements, this instance shows you how to create a polyhedron chosen a rhombicosidodecahedron, which is made from pentagons, squares, and triangles, every bit shown in the figure.

The following steps explain how to create this shape by repeating faces around an axis:

1. Institute the correct angle between the first square and the pentagon, and between the first triangle and the square. See Measuring Angles and Distances to Model Precisely for details almost measuring angles with the Protractor tool.
2. Mark the exact center bespeak of the pentagon, which is shown here on a green surface that has been temporarily added to the pentagon component. This is the axis effectually which the copies will be aligned.
   
3. Make the square and triangle components, and then group the ii components. For details about components, run into Developing Components and Dynamic Components. To learn about groups, come across Organizing a Model.
4. Preselect the objects that you lot desire to copy and rotate (in this example, the group you just created).
5. Select the Rotate tool ().
6. Marshal the Rotate cursor with the pentagon face up and click the center signal of the pentagon, as shown in the following figure.
   
7. Click the Rotate cursor at the point where the tips of the foursquare, triangle, and pentagon come together.
8. Press the Ctrl key to toggle on the Rotate tool's copy part. The Rotate cursor changes to include a plus sign (+).
9. Move the cursor to rotate the option effectually the axis. If y'all originally clicked the point where the tips of the foursquare, triangle, and pentagon came together, the new group snaps into its new position, as shown in the post-obit figure.
   
10. Click to cease the rotate operation.
11. Keep rotating copies around the axis until the shape is consummate. As you build the rhombicosidodecahedron, you need to group different components together, and rotate copies of those groups around various component faces.

Tip: If the component you are rotating around is not on the ruby-red, greenish, or blue plane, make sure the Rotate tool's cursor is aligned with the face of the component before you lot click the center point. When the cursor is aligned, press and hold the Shift key to lock that alignment equally y'all motility the cursor to the center point.

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Source: https://help.sketchup.com/en/sketchup/modeling-specific-shapes-objects-and-building-features-3d

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